Rotator Cuff Injuries

Rotator cuff tears can cause shoulder pain and limit your daily activities. We can help reduce your discomfort and restore your strength and movement.

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Introduction

Tears in the rotator cuff can lead to pain, weakness, and limited motion. These injuries are common in athletes, active adults, and anyone performing repetitive overhead movements. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage and restore shoulder function.

What is the Rotator Cuff?

The rotator cuff consists of four muscles and their tendons that connect the shoulder blade to the upper arm bone. These muscles stabilize the shoulder joint and allow you to lift, rotate, and control your arm. Damage to the rotator cuff can interfere with both strength and range of motion.

What Causes Rotator Cuff Tears?

Rotator cuff tears can occur from:

Acute injuries such as falls, lifting heavy objects, or sudden trauma
Repetitive stress from activities that require frequent overhead motions like throwing, swimming, or painting
Age-related degeneration where tendons weaken over time
Shoulder impingement or previous injuries that place additional strain on the rotator cuff

Treatments for Rotator Cuff Tears

For tears causing significant pain or weakness, treatment may include:

Physical therapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and improve range of motion
Anti-inflammatory medications or corticosteroid injections to reduce pain and swelling
Activity modification to avoid movements that worsen symptoms

Do I Need Surgery?

Surgery is considered when conservative treatments do not relieve pain, or when there is a complete tear affecting strength and daily function. Surgical options include repairing the torn tendon or, in severe cases with associated shoulder arthritis, reconstructing the shoulder to restore stability and movement. Your orthopedic specialist will determine the best approach based on your tear, activity level, and goals.

Recovery Following Shoulder Surgery

Recovery after rotator cuff surgery typically involves several months of rehabilitation. Physical therapy begins shortly after surgery to restore motion and gradually rebuild strength. Most patients can return to normal activities and sports after following their rehab plan carefully. Adhering to the program is essential for regaining full shoulder function and preventing re-injury.

References

Plancher KD, Shanmugam J, Briggs K, Petterson SC. Diagnosis and Management of Partial Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears: A Comprehensive Review. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2021;29(24):1031-1043. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-01092.

Ramme AJ, Robbins CB, Patel KA, et al. Surgical Versus Nonsurgical Management of Rotator Cuff Tears: A Matched-Pair Analysis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2019;101(19):1775-1782. doi:10.2106/JBJS.18.01473.

Lapner P, Henry P, Athwal GS, et al. Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2022;31(3):e120-e129. doi:10.1016/j.jse.2021.11.002.

Tashjian RZ. Epidemiology, Natural History, and Indications for Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tears. Clin Sports Med. 2012;31(4):589-604. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2012.07.001.