Chilblains: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Chilblains, also known as pernio, are small, itchy, red or purple skin lesions that occur when the skin is exposed to cold and damp conditions. While they are not typically permanent, chilblains can be painful and may lead to complications if left untreated. At the Foot Care Center, we provide evaluation and treatment to relieve symptoms, prevent recurrence, and protect overall foot health.
What Are Chilblains?
Chilblains develop when the small blood vessels in the skin are damaged by repeated exposure to cold temperatures. Instead of normal blood flow returning after warming, the vessels expand too quickly, causing inflammation, swelling, and skin irritation. They most often affect the toes, feet, fingers, and ears.
Causes of Chilblains
- Prolonged exposure to cold, damp, or drafty environments
- Rapid warming of cold skin
- Poor circulation or underlying vascular conditions
- Thin skin or certain autoimmune disorders
- Genetic predisposition
Symptoms of Chilblains
- Red, purple, or dark skin patches on the toes or feet
- Itching, burning, or pain in affected areas
- Swelling or tenderness
- Dry or cracked skin
- Blisters or ulcers in severe cases
Diagnosis of Chilblains
Chilblains are typically diagnosed through a physical examination and medical history. In some cases, your doctor may order additional tests to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms, such as frostbite, vasculitis, or Raynaud’s phenomenon.
Treatment Options for Chilblains in Billings, MT and Sheridan, WY
Lifestyle and Home Care
- Keeping feet warm and dry
- Wearing insulated socks and footwear in cold weather
- Avoiding rapid changes in temperature
- Gently warming affected areas without direct heat
Medical Management
- Topical corticosteroid creams to reduce itching and inflammation
- Medications that improve circulation, such as nifedipine
- Wound care for blisters or ulcers to prevent infection
Complications of Untreated Chilblains
- Skin infections due to cracking or blistering
- Ulcerations that may be slow to heal
- Persistent pain or discomfort in cold weather
- In rare cases, permanent skin damage
Prevention of Chilblains
Preventing chilblains involves protecting your feet from the cold. Properly fitted shoes, moisture-wicking socks, and avoiding damp environments can greatly reduce the risk. Patients with poor circulation or autoimmune conditions should be especially cautious during winter months.
Why Choose Foot Care Center for Chilblains Care in Billings, MT and Sheridan, WY?
At the Foot Care Center, our specialists evaluate and treat cold-related foot conditions like chilblains with personalized care. We provide relief for painful symptoms, help prevent recurrence, and monitor for potential complications to ensure long-term foot health.
Final Thoughts
Chilblains are uncomfortable but treatable when addressed early. With proper foot care and medical support, patients can reduce flare-ups and protect themselves from complications. If you are experiencing painful red or purple skin patches on your feet after cold exposure, contact the Foot Care Center for professional care and treatment.
